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Greece - History
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Hellenistic Period
18-12-2012 15:47Hellenistic Period corresponds to the years between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the annexation of the Greek heartlands by Romans in 146 BC. Despite the advent of new political centres and cultural forces, Athens was still an important city and an essential cultural centre during that period.
During the Hellenistic period Art underwent dramatic transformations and evolved on the road paved previously by the Classical artist. While the Classical Greek concepts were not entirely abandoned, the artist of the Hellenistic era expanded his formal horizons with dramatic posing, sweeping lines, and high contrast of light, shadow and emotions. The conventions and rules of the classical period gave way to the experimentation and a sense of freedom that allowed the artist to explore his subjects from different unique points of view. While the interest in deities and heroic themes was still of importance, the emphasis of Hellenistic art shifted from religious and naturalistic themes towards more dramatic human expression, psychological and spiritual preoccupation, and theatrical settings. The human condition and state of mind became a popular subject and inconsequential moments of life were transcended into universal signs and immortalized in stone.
The Nike of Samothrace and Afrodite of Milos are works of that period, still admired today for their flawless details and the personification of beauty itself.
As far as the Education is concerned, during the Hellenistic Period, there's a wealth of inscriptions that illuminate the public side of education, proving at the same time that greater attention was paid to the education of the ordinary citizen. Athens remained a pole of attraction for anyone interested in philosophical education. There were 4 competitive schools of philosophy, with cosmopolitan character, since the students were mostly Greeks but also Phoenicians, Carthaginians etc.
The Economy continued to be based on agriculture and stock breeding, while iron, copper and other products -such as timber, resin, pitch, hemp and flax- were exported.
Hellenistic Era is sometimes regarded as the final chapter for Greek history, but this is so far from true.
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