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Greek Mythology
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Greek Pantheon
22-01-2013 20:45The Greek Pantheon is the Dodekatheon, meaning the Twelve Gods that comprise the principal deities worshipped by Greeks. The Gods are also referred to as the Olympians because they used to live on the top of Mount Olympus in Thessaly.
The Olympian Gods are the order of third generation of gods who took over the power of the world after having displaced the Titans in a fight against them known as Titanomachia (war of Titans). The king of the Olympian Gods is Zeus, who fought against his father Kronos (Saturn) and with his brothers and sisters succeeded in throwing him in Tartaros forever.
Mighty Zeus is considered to be father of the gods, although many of the Olympian deities are not his children. The twelve gods are: Zeus (Jupiter), Hera, Poseidon, Demeter, Athena (Minerva), Hestia, Apollo, Artemis (Diana), Ares (Mars), Aphrodite (Venus), Hephaestus and Hermes.
Hestia (goddess of hearth), Demeter (goddess of harvest), Poseidon (god of sea) and Hera (goddess of women and marriage) are children of Kronos and Rhea and in fact Zeus brothers and sisters. Aphrodite (goddess of beauty and love) is Kronos’ daughter who was born by the union of her father’s testicles with sea foam, when Zeus cut his genitalia off and threw them into the sea.
Athena is Zeus’ favorite daughter, who was born from his forehead. According to a prophecy, Zeus united with Metis who was fated to give birth to two children, a daughter as wise and strong as her father and a son who would displace him as king of gods. To prevent this from happening, Zeus shallowed Metis who was already pregnant to his daughter. This daughter is Athena, goddess of wisdom and was born emerging from her father’s head. The dreadful son was never born.
Apollo (god of light and music) and Artemis (goddess of hunting) are twins. They were children of Zeus and Leto who was his cousin, daughter of Titans Koios and Phoebe. Hera, Zeus’ wife was so jealous of Leto bearing her husband’s children that she hunted her all over the world. Leto finally found refuge on the floating island of Delos where she gave birth to her children.
Ares (god of war) and Hephaestus (god of metals and fire) were legitimate children of Zeus and his wife Hera, whilst Hermes (messenger of the Gods) is the only Olympian God who is a child of Zeus born by a mortal mother, nymph Maia, one of the seven Pleiades.
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